There are 5 messages in this issue.
Topics in this digest:
1a. Re: New study shows traffic noise is disruptive to wildlife
From:
1b. Re: New study shows traffic noise is disruptive to wildlife
From: Bernie Krause
1c. Re: New study shows traffic noise is disruptive to wildlife
From:
2. September Bird Song of the Month
From: Neville Recording
3a. Re: underwater stereo recordings and phase
From: robb_nichols
Messages
________________________________________________________________________
1a. Re: New study shows traffic noise is disruptive to wildlife
Posted by:
Date: Wed Sep 2, 2015 8:17 am ((PDT))
Bernie,
It would be interesting to know which species used the Valley, and have since
moved on (I know that's beyond this conversation). Am I correct in assuming
that traffic noise was not an issue in this case, but moreso climate change? I
hope to see your conclusions, sometime in the future.
I played a very small part in a documentary, "The Messenger", which dealt with
the various reasons for the decline in songbird numbers. Bridget Stutchbury
("Silence of the Songbirds"), among many others, is featured, presenting her
findings and research on the subject. Climate change and traffic noise were
both dealt with in their presentation. My understanding is that it is to be
released in the U.S. later this year. Well worth a look.
Ernie Jardine
Pickering Ontario
www.birdsongidentification.com
-----Original Message-----
From: Bernie Krause [naturerecordists]
<>
To: naturerecordists <>
Sent: Tue, Sep 1, 2015 9:21 pm
Subject: Re: [Nature Recordists] New study shows traffic noise is disruptive to
wildlife
In Sonoma, California’s Valley of the Moon, there was no birdsong this spring
or summer. None. A combo of global warming (the spring season occurs on average
14 days earlier than 20 years ago), bird populations have shifted, and altho
there have been some calls and other vocal interchange, there has been absolute
silence as far as song is concerned. I am currently drafting a paper to show
the effects that have caused it and the consequences.
Bernie Krause
On Sep 1, 2015, at 6:02 PM, [naturerecordists] <
> wrote:
Charles,
Obviously traffic noise interferes with communication among birds, creating
problems for defense of territory and self, as well as for mating potential. I
think I remember reading that this has led to birds, exposed to this noise,
changing or modifying their songs, as a result. Another aspect of noise
pollution. We know how it affects us as nature recordists.
All the best,
Ernie Jardine
Pickering Ontario
www.birdsongidentification.com
-----Original Message-----
From: 'J. Charles Holt' [naturerecordists]
<>
To: naturerecordists <>
Sent: Tue, Sep 1, 2015 12:27 pm
Subject: [Nature Recordists] New study shows traffic noise is disruptive to
wildlife
http://m.pnas.org/content/early/2015/08/27/1504710112
"Decades of research demonstrate that roads impact wildlife and suggest traffic
noise as a primary cause of population declines near roads. We created a
“phantom road” using an array of speakers to apply traffic noise to a roadless
landscape, directly testing the effect of noise alone on an entire songbird
community during autumn migration. Thirty-one percent of the bird community
avoided the phantom road. For individuals that stayed despite the noise,
overall body condition decreased by a full SD and some species showed a change
in ability to gain body condition when exposed to traffic noise during
migratory stopover. We conducted complementary laboratory experiments that
implicate foraging-vigilance behavior as one mechanism driving this pattern.
Our results suggest that noise degrades habitat that is otherwise suitable, and
that the presence of a species does not indicate the absence of an impact."
- Charles
Wild Sanctuary
POB 536
Glen Ellen, CA 95442
707-996-6677
http://www.wildsanctuary.com
SKYPE: biophony
FaceBook: http://www.facebook.com/BernieKrauseAuthor
TED Global talk:
http://www.ted.com/talks/bernie_krause_the_voice_of_the_natural_world.html
Messages in this topic (6)
________________________________________________________________________
1b. Re: New study shows traffic noise is disruptive to wildlife
Posted by: "Bernie Krause" bigchirp1
Date: Wed Sep 2, 2015 8:29 am ((PDT))
Here is a list of typical suspects that I�ve recorded from year to year, when
conditions have been more or less within a particular dynamic range of precip
and other permutations.
Wild turkeys,, chipping sparrow, dark-eyed junco, acorn woodpecker, pileated
woodpecker, mourning dove, scrub jay, stellar jay, black phoebe, oak titmouse,
wrentit, golden-crowned kinglet, California towhee, American robin,
red-shoulder hawk, white-crowned sparrow.
Bernie
On Sep 2, 2015, at 8:17 AM, [naturerecordists]
<> wrote:
>
>
> Bernie,
>
> It would be interesting to know which species used the Valley, and have since
> moved on (I know that's beyond this conversation). Am I correct in assuming
> that traffic noise was not an issue in this case, but moreso climate change?
> I hope to see your conclusions, sometime in the future.
>
> I played a very small part in a documentary, "The Messenger", which dealt
> with the various reasons for the decline in songbird numbers. Bridget
> Stutchbury ("Silence of the Songbirds"), among many others, is featured,
> presenting her findings and research on the subject. Climate change and
> traffic noise were both dealt with in their presentation. My understanding is
> that it is to be released in the U.S. later this year. Well worth a look.
>
> Ernie Jardine
> Pickering Ontario
>
>
> www.birdsongidentification.com
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Bernie Krause [naturerecordists]
> <>
> To: naturerecordists <>
> Sent: Tue, Sep 1, 2015 9:21 pm
> Subject: Re: [Nature Recordists] New study shows traffic noise is disruptive
> to wildlife
>
> In Sonoma, California�s Valley of the Moon, there was no birdsong this spring
> or summer. None. A combo of global warming (the spring season occurs on
> average 14 days earlier than 20 years ago), bird populations have shifted,
> and altho there have been some calls and other vocal interchange, there has
> been absolute silence as far as song is concerned. I am currently drafting a
> paper to show the effects that have caused it and the consequences.
>
> Bernie Krause
>
> On Sep 1, 2015, at 6:02 PM, [naturerecordists] <
> > wrote:
>
>
>
> Charles,
>
> Obviously traffic noise interferes with communication among birds, creating
> problems for defense of territory and self, as well as for mating potential.
> I think I remember reading that this has led to birds, exposed to this noise,
> changing or modifying their songs, as a result. Another aspect of noise
> pollution. We know how it affects us as nature recordists.
>
> All the best,
> Ernie Jardine
> Pickering Ontario
>
>
> www.birdsongidentification.com
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: 'J. Charles Holt' [naturerecordists]
> <>
> To: naturerecordists <>
> Sent: Tue, Sep 1, 2015 12:27 pm
> Subject: [Nature Recordists] New study shows traffic noise is disruptive to
> wildlife
>
> http://m.pnas.org/content/early/2015/08/27/1504710112
>
> "Decades of research demonstrate that roads impact wildlife and suggest
> traffic noise as a primary cause of population declines near roads. We
> created a �phantom road� using an array of speakers to apply traffic noise to
> a roadless landscape, directly testing the effect of noise alone on an entire
> songbird community during autumn migration. Thirty-one percent of the bird
> community avoided the phantom road. For individuals that stayed despite the
> noise, overall body condition decreased by a full SD and some species showed
> a change in ability to gain body condition when exposed to traffic noise
> during migratory stopover. We conducted complementary laboratory experiments
> that implicate foraging-vigilance behavior as one mechanism driving this
> pattern. Our results suggest that noise degrades habitat that is otherwise
> suitable, and that the presence of a species does not indicate the absence of
> an impact."
>
> - Charles
>
>
>
> Wild Sanctuary
> POB 536
> Glen Ellen, CA 95442
> 707-996-6677
> http://www.wildsanctuary.com
>
> SKYPE: biophony
> FaceBook: http://www.facebook.com/BernieKrauseAuthor
> TED Global talk:
> http://www.ted.com/talks/bernie_krause_the_voice_of_the_natural_world.html
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
Wild Sanctuary
POB 536
Glen Ellen, CA 95442
707-996-6677
http://www.wildsanctuary.com
SKYPE: biophony
FaceBook: http://www.facebook.com/BernieKrauseAuthor
TED Global talk:
http://www.ted.com/talks/bernie_krause_the_voice_of_the_natural_world.html
Messages in this topic (6)
________________________________________________________________________
1c. Re: New study shows traffic noise is disruptive to wildlife
Posted by:
Date: Wed Sep 2, 2015 11:07 am ((PDT))
Wow, it is definitely pretty dramatic that a cross-section such as this has
basically left the area, or at least not used it for nesting. Nothing else
(birds) has moved in to fill the vacuum? I'd love to hear your final thoughts
on this. Hopefully, you will find the time to share them.
All the best,
Ernie
-----Original Message-----
From: Bernie Krause [naturerecordists]
<>
To: naturerecordists <>
Sent: Wed, Sep 2, 2015 11:29 am
Subject: Re: [Nature Recordists] New study shows traffic noise is disruptive to
wildlife
Here is a list of typical suspects that I’ve recorded from year to year, when
conditions have been more or less within a particular dynamic range of precip
and other permutations.
Wild turkeys,, chipping sparrow, dark-eyed junco, acorn woodpecker, pileated
woodpecker, mourning dove, scrub jay, stellar jay, black phoebe, oak titmouse,
wrentit, golden-crowned kinglet, California towhee, American robin,
red-shoulder hawk, white-crowned sparrow.
Bernie
On Sep 2, 2015, at 8:17 AM, [naturerecordists] <
> wrote:
Bernie,
It would be interesting to know which species used the Valley, and have since
moved on (I know that's beyond this conversation). Am I correct in assuming
that traffic noise was not an issue in this case, but moreso climate change? I
hope to see your conclusions, sometime in the future.
I played a very small part in a documentary, "The Messenger", which dealt with
the various reasons for the decline in songbird numbers. Bridget Stutchbury
("Silence of the Songbirds"), among many others, is featured, presenting her
findings and research on the subject. Climate change and traffic noise were
both dealt with in their presentation. My understanding is that it is to be
released in the U.S. later this year. Well worth a look.
Ernie Jardine
Pickering Ontario
www.birdsongidentification.com
-----Original Message-----
From: Bernie Krause [naturerecordists]
<>
To: naturerecordists <>
Sent: Tue, Sep 1, 2015 9:21 pm
Subject: Re: [Nature Recordists] New study shows traffic noise is disruptive to
wildlife
In Sonoma, California’s Valley of the Moon, there was no birdsong this spring
or summer. None. A combo of global warming (the spring season occurs on average
14 days earlier than 20 years ago), bird populations have shifted, and altho
there have been some calls and other vocal interchange, there has been absolute
silence as far as song is concerned. I am currently drafting a paper to show
the effects that have caused it and the consequences.
Bernie Krause
On Sep 1, 2015, at 6:02 PM,
[naturerecordists] <
> wrote:
Charles,
Obviously traffic noise interferes with communication among birds, creating
problems for defense of territory and self, as well as for mating potential. I
think I remember reading that this has led to birds, exposed to this noise,
changing or modifying their songs, as a result. Another aspect of noise
pollution. We know how it affects us as nature recordists.
All the best,
Ernie Jardine
Pickering Ontario
www.birdsongidentification.com
-----Original Message-----
From: 'J. Charles Holt' [naturerecordists]
<>
To: naturerecordists <>
Sent: Tue, Sep 1, 2015 12:27 pm
Subject: [Nature Recordists] New study shows traffic noise is disruptive to
wildlife
http://m.pnas.org/content/early/2015/08/27/1504710112
"Decades of research demonstrate that roads impact wildlife and suggest traffic
noise as a primary cause of population declines near roads. We created a
“phantom road” using an array of speakers to apply traffic noise to a roadless
landscape, directly testing the effect of noise alone on an entire songbird
community during autumn migration. Thirty-one percent of the bird community
avoided the phantom road. For individuals that stayed despite the noise,
overall body condition decreased by a full SD and some species showed a change
in ability to gain body condition when exposed to traffic noise during
migratory stopover. We conducted complementary laboratory experiments that
implicate foraging-vigilance behavior as one mechanism driving this pattern.
Our results suggest that noise degrades habitat that is otherwise suitable, and
that the presence of a species does not indicate the absence of an impact."
- Charles
Wild Sanctuary
POB 536
Glen Ellen, CA 95442
707-996-6677
http://www.wildsanctuary.com
SKYPE: biophony
FaceBook: http://www.facebook.com/BernieKrauseAuthor
TED Global talk:
http://www.ted.com/talks/bernie_krause_the_voice_of_the_natural_world.html
Wild Sanctuary
POB 536
Glen Ellen, CA 95442
707-996-6677
http://www.wildsanctuary.com
SKYPE: biophony
FaceBook: http://www.facebook.com/BernieKrauseAuthor
TED Global talk:
http://www.ted.com/talks/bernie_krause_the_voice_of_the_natural_world.html
Messages in this topic (6)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. September Bird Song of the Month
Posted by: "Neville Recording" nevillerecording
Date: Wed Sep 2, 2015 2:17 pm ((PDT))
September Bird Song of the Month Live!
http://nevillerecording.com/nr00b.php
<cid:>
Messages in this topic (1)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3a. Re: underwater stereo recordings and phase
Posted by: robb_nichols
Date: Wed Sep 2, 2015 4:07 pm ((PDT))
David, Thanks for teaching us all some things about sound. I have to admit
that I have just learned from your explanations about reflected sound from an
air boundary being anti-phase. As a hydrophone manufacturer, I should have
known this. The effect of low-frequency losses near the surface are very
easily observable and this explains it perfectly.
So I'm not going to try and be the expert here, but rather pose a more
philosophical question that this conversation has brought to mind: If a whale
had microphones (and some comprehension of physics), would he would he worry
about whether he's hearing terrestrial sounds correctly?
Human underwater listening does have technical challenges that are primarily
related the increased speed of sound and the fact that we are generally
listening in close proximity to one or more boundaries. But to address the
practical difference of listening in air or water, I'd contend that that
difference is primarily related to our level of experience in either medium.
Sound is reflecting off of all of the boundaries around us in air as well in
patterns of constructive and deconstructive interference. But very few of us
give much thought to the difference in sound when conversing across a soccer
pitch versus a city street. It is just familiar.
So I'm suggesting that the underwater listener just listen. Observe the
difference for a while so comments like David's become an ah-ha moment instead
of a technical concern.
I do just want to touch on a few disparate points though. So we've discovered
that reflections from the surface are antiphase and that will cancel low
frequencies when listening near the surface. But remember that those
cancellations are only truly 180d phase-shifted from the direct sound at some
specific point for a specific frequency. Sound, like in air, is reflecting off
of several boundaries near shore and decays in amplitude over distance. I feel
like I'm being too wordy here, but my point is that the physical phenomena
we're discussing here is pretty hard to isolate at environments in which most
of us will be listening. Sound can be kind of a mess.
Also, I don't know how JRF hydrophones are built, but it is difficult to make a
figure-8 response pattern in a hydrophone. I'm confident that, if one is
crafty enough and uses at least two sensing elements, it could be done, but I'd
expect those hydrophones to be simple dynamic pressure
transducers--omnidirectional at lower frequencies, narrowing to conical as the
wavelength of sound approaches the dimensions of the sensor. Another
contributor commented that there was no correlation between channels until he
placed the hydrophones very close together. I don't know how that could be
explained, but I will say that piezo bending elements, as are typically used in
these kinds of hydrophones, are often polarized somewhat randomly. We use
these in our low-cost hydrophones and have learned to sort all of these with a
scope into like polarities. It may be possible that the two hydrophones are
electrically out of phase. If you want to check, make a stereo recording in
air with the two very close together and clap your hands over the top of them.
Then zoom in on your recording in your editing software and check to see if
that transient looks the same on both channels.
I'll go back to lurking now. Best wishes for all your recording projects.
Robb
Messages in this topic (13)
"While a picture is worth a thousand words, a
sound is worth a thousand pictures." R. Murray Schafer via Bernie Krause.
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