Crows may be able to use "causal and analogical reasoning".
Summary at New Scientist:
http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn14745-crows-make-monkeys-out-of-chimps-in-mental-test.html?DCMP=ILC-hmts&nsref=news9_head_dn14745
Paper's Abstract from Proceedings of the Royal Society 'B':
http://journals.royalsociety.org/content/l7l21r228k420u59/
The extent to which animals
other than humans can reason about physical problems is contentious.
The benchmark test for this ability has been the trap-tube task. We
presented New Caledonian crows with a series of two-trap versions of
this problem. Three out of six crows solved the initial trap-tube.
These crows continued to avoid the trap when the arbitrary features
that had previously been associated with successful performances were
removed. However, they did not avoid the trap when a hole and a
functional trap were in the tube. In contrast to a recent primate
study, the three crows then solved a causally equivalent but visually
distinct problem—the trap-table task. The performance of the three
crows across the four transfers made explanations based on chance,
associative learning, visual and tactile generalization, and previous
dispositions unlikely. Our findings suggest that New Caledonian crows
can solve complex physical problems by reasoning both causally and
analogically about causal relations. Causal and analogical reasoning
may form the basis of the New Caledonian crow's exceptional tool skills.
(link to full-text PDF off that page)
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