Catherine T. Phillips and Carol E. Johnston (2008): Sound production and
associated behaviors in Cyprinella galactura. Environ. Biol. Fishes, 82(3),
265-275.
Abstract: Sound production has not been measured in Cyprinella galactura,
the whitetail shiner, although described for other species in the genus.
Furthermore, no thorough description of signal structure exists for any
species of Cyprinella. In this study, Cyprinella galactura produced sounds
during agonistic and courtship interactions associated with the breeding
season. Females did not produce sounds. Signals were complex and could be
monophasic, diphasic, or triphasic. Three call types (knocks, short knocks
and pulses) were identified and characterized by differences in duration and
dominant frequency. All call types were non-harmonic, low frequency, and
could occur in trains. The exact mechanism of sound production in this
species is unknown. Sounds are most frequent during low and moderate level
displays and decrease during the highest level of motivation under both
contexts. Agonistic signals are more variable than those produced during
courtship and the two contexts can be distinguished on the basis of temporal
and spectral variables.
URL: http://www.springerlink.com/content/c763v74185583116/
For reprints please contact Catherine T. Phillips (Email:
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