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bioacoustics article: Aquatic Mammals 30(2), 2004

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Subject: bioacoustics article: Aquatic Mammals 30(2), 2004
From: Dave Mellinger <>
Date: Wed, 24 Nov 2004 08:33:48 -0800
 
 The following is an abstract from the latest issue of Aquatic Mammals;
 it is posted as a courtesy to the European Association for Aquatic
 Mammals and the journal editor, Dr. Jeanette Thomas.  Aquatic Mammals is
 the scientific, peer-reviewed journal of the European Association for
 Aquatic Mammals (EAAM). More information on the EAAM, society membership,
 journal subscriptions, and author guidelines are found at the website
 <a  href="http://eaam.org/"; rel="nofollow">http://eaam.org/</a>. Additionally, 
journal-related inquiries may be directed
 to the journal editor:
 
 Dr. Jeanette A. Thomas
 Laboratory of Sensory Biology
 Western Illinois University-Quad Cities
 3561 60th Street
 Moline, IL 61265, USA
 
 Phone +1 309 762 9481, ext. 262
 Fax +1 309 762 6989
 
 [EMAIL PROTECTED]
 
 
 
 ****************************************************************************
 Mooney, T.A.*, P.E. Nachtigall, and W.W.L. Au. 2004. Target strength of a
 nylon monofilament and an acoustically enhanced gillnet: Predictions of
 biosonar detection ranges. _Aquatic Mammals_ 30(2):220-226.
 
 *Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, P.O. Box 1106,
 Kailua, Hawaii 96734, USA
 
 Thousands of marine mammals die each year in fisheries-related
 entanglements. A substantial number of these animals entangle themselves in
 gillnets. Two populations in immediate danger are the coastal stock of the
 mid-Atlantic bottle-nose dolphin, _Tursiops truncatus_, and the Gulf of
 Maine harbour porpoise, _Phocoena phocoena_. We investigated the efficacy of
 using an alternative net material made with barium sulphate hypothesized to
 be acoustically more reflective than traditional nets. By using simulated
 dolphin echolocation clicks, the target strength of the experimental net was
 compared with the target strength of a similar gauge nylon net. Results
 demonstrated that at angles greater than normal incidence, but less than
 40°, the new barium sulphate net was acoustically more reflective than the
 nylon net; however, there was no significant difference in the target
 strength of the two nets at 0°. At angles greater than 40°, both nets were
 difficult to discern from background noise. Target strengths of the nets
 were used to calculate detection ranges for _T. truncatus_ and _P.
 phocoena_. Both species should be able to detect the experimental nets at a
 distance greater than the nylon nets. For _T. truncatus_, this distance may
 be enough to reduce entanglement; however, because of _P. phocoena's_ lower
 source level echo-location signals, they may not detect either net with
 echolocation in time to avoid contact.
 

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