Bioacoustics articles in the current Journal of Mammalogy -
84(1):<br><br>
<font size=2>pp. 205-215<br>
</font>ALTERNATION OF ECHOLOCATION CALLS IN 5 SPECIES OF AERIAL-FEEDING
INSECTIVOROUS BATS FROM MALAYSIA<br>
Tigga Kingston,<sup>a</sup> Gareth Jones,<sup>b</sup> Zubaid
Akbar,<sup>c</sup> and Thomas H. Kunz<sup>d<br>
a</sup>Department of Geography, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
(TK)<br>
<sup>b</sup>School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol,
Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1UG, United Kingdom (GJ)<br>
<sup>c</sup>School of Environment & Natural Resource Sciences,
Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
43600 UKM Bangi, Malaysia (ZA)<br>
<sup>d</sup>Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215,
USA (THK)<br>
<font size=2>ABSTRACT</font>: <font size=2>We describe design of
echolocation signals in 5 species of aerial-hawking insectivorous bats
from Malaysia. These bats forage in open spaces above the forest or in
large clearings and belong to 2 families: Molossidae
(<a
href="http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=all&search_value=Chaerephon+johorensis&search_kingdom=every&search_span=exactly_for&categories=All&source=html&search_credRating=All";>Chaerephon
johorensis</a>,
<a
href="http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=all&search_value=Mops+mops&search_kingdom=every&search_span=exactly_for&categories=All&source=html&search_credRating=All";>Mops
mops</a>,
<a
href="http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=all&search_value=Cheiromeles+torquatus&search_kingdom=every&search_span=exactly_for&categories=All&source=html&search_credRating=All";>Cheiromeles
torquatus</a>) and Vespertilionidae
(<a
href="http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=all&search_value=Hesperoptenus+blanfordi&search_kingdom=every&search_span=exactly_for&categories=All&source=html&search_credRating=All";>Hesperoptenus
blanfordi</a>,
<a
href="http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=all&search_value=Pipistrellus+stenopterus&search_kingdom=every&search_span=exactly_for&categories=All&source=html&search_credRating=All";>Pipistrellus
stenopterus</a>). As is typical for aerial-hawking bats, all 5 species
produced narrowband calls of long duration (621 ms) and low peak
frequency (16-44 kHz). However, sequences recorded from bats flying at
high altitude (>10 m) were characterized by an alternation between
calls that differed in frequency of maximum energy (peak frequency),
switching between high- and low-frequency calls. In some species, the
types of calls also differed in duration and sound pressure level. We
consider possible implications of the alternation of types of calls for
the detection of prey in open spaces.<br>
Keywords: Chiroptera, echolocation, Malaysia, Molossidae,
Vespertilionidae.<br>
Submitted: 24 April 2001<br>
Manuscript Accepted 29 May 2002<br><br>
<br>
pp. 216-224<br>
</font>AN EXPERIMENTAL TEST OF CLUTTER TOLERANCE IN BATS<br>
Darren J. H. Sleep,<sup>a</sup> and R. Mark Brigham<sup>a<br>
a</sup>Department of Biology, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan
S4S 0A2, Canada<br>
<font size=2>ABSTRACT: To examine the effects of spatially complex
habitat (i.e., cluttered) and prey availability on habitat selection by
bats, we constructed 3-dimensional clutter conesand monitored activity of
free-ranging bats in them. Cones were paired with cones of equal clutter
density and size in which we placed ultraviolet (UV) light sources to
attract nocturnal insects and hence increase prey availability. We tested
predictions arising from resource-partitioning experiments in previous
works from laboratories and the field. Activity by bats of all sizes was
unaffected by density of clutter, and activity by small-sized bats at all
UV-illuminated sites increased significantly, whereas activity by
large-sized bats was unaffected. Also,
<a
href="http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=all&search_value=Myotis+lucifugus&search_kingdom=every&search_span=exactly_for&categories=All&source=html&search_credRating=All";>Myotis
lucifugus</a> did not negotiate clutter densities as complex as those in
previous laboratory work. This suggests that habitat complexity is likely
one means by which foraging areas are partitioned between those bats that
can exploit them (i.e., smaller species) and those that cannot and that
cluttered habitats are avoided except when they may serve a purpose such
as an energetic benefit. Although behavioral studies conducted in the
laboratory serve to obtain data on ultimate capabilities, differences
between results from the laboratory and the field suggest that an
animal's behavior may be specific to its present environment.<br>
Keywords: echolocation, ecomorphology,
<a
href="http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=all&search_value=Eptesicus+fuscus&search_kingdom=every&search_span=exactly_for&categories=All&source=html&search_credRating=All";>Eptesicus
fuscus</a>, foraging, habitat use,
<a
href="http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=all&search_value=Lasionycteris+noctivagans&search_kingdom=every&search_span=exactly_for&categories=All&source=html&search_credRating=All";>Lasionycteris
noctivagans</a>,
<a
href="http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=all&search_value=Lasiurus+cinereus&search_kingdom=every&search_span=exactly_for&categories=All&source=html&search_credRating=All";>Lasiurus
cinereus</a>,
<a
href="http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=all&search_value=Myotis+lucifugus&search_kingdom=every&search_span=exactly_for&categories=All&source=html&search_credRating=All";>Myotis
lucifugus</a>, resource partitioning.<br>
Submitted: 29 January 2002<br>
Manuscript Accepted 10 July 2002<br><br>
</font><x-sigsep><p></x-sigsep>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
Brian R. Mitchell<br>
Ph.D. Candidate<br>
University of California, Berkeley<br>
Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management<br>
[EMAIL PROTECTED]<br>
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